Coke oven battery



Sem. 25:, w33. H. KOF'Px-:Rsl

COKE OVEN BATTERY Filed may 14. 1931 Patented Sept. 26, 1933 CKE OVEN BATTERY Heinrich Hoppers, Essen, Germany, assignor, by imesney assignments, to The Koppers Company of Delaware, Pittsburgh, Pa., a corporation of Delaware Application May' M, 1931, Serial No. 537,3ill, and in Germany May it, i930' e claims.

My invention relates to coke ovens for producing gas and colse and of the kind in which a large number'oi these ovens are combined to a battery, particularly those with transverse regenerators, that is, regenerators which are arranged in the direction of the oven chambers transverse to the longitudinal axis of the oven battery. Producer gas and air, or air only, are heated in these regenerators, whilst at other alternate periods, the checker briclnvorh of the regenerator is heated up by waste heat.

The invention has for its object certain improvements which eliminate the risk of producer gas passing over into the regenerators carrying Waste heat or air, due to the formation of cracks in the supporting and separating bricisworh of the regenerators.

`according to the invention, this object isf the places in these walls which are liable to crack, that these abutting-joints are arranged according to the invention, so that theoven battery is therefore divided-into several independent units in its transverse direction, each ci these units being capable oi expanding and contracting ndependently on the foundation plate. 4

Preferably the joints so divide up the oven batftery that three approximately equal parts are producectas experience has shown that with continuous briclnvork, the greatest cracks occur at the hunting zones which correspond to such a subdivision.

a further object of the invention is the special t@ Aarrangement and formation ofthe joints in the heating Walls and in the regenerator-supporting and partition Walls, the binders of the heatingV Walls being preferably divided into two units by the joints.

in the accompanying drawing, forming a part ci this specification and showing for purposes of exempliucation a preferred term and manner in which the invention may be embodied andvpractlced, but `without limiting the claimed invention 4longtudinal direction oi the oven battery. Itis atV (Cl. 20E-M3) Fig. 5 shows in the same Way a,horizontal o5 `section through a portion of a regenerator partition wall on line V-V of Fig. 2.

.The oven battery shown in the drawing has a -row of heating Walls l which are arranged transverse to the oven battery and a' number of oven vo chambers 2 between the heating walls l. Underneath the heating walls l, there is also a row of supporting walls 3 which carry the oven superstructure and are also arranged transversel to the battery. The heating walls 1 are provided with a 75 series of vertical heating ilues e, which are furnished at the top with ports 5, all of which merge into a horizontal due 6. The horizontal flue 6 of one heating wall isvconnected to the horizontal flue of the other heating wall by a so seriesjof communicating passages 'lwhich run through the roof 8 of the oven chambers 2. :in the example shown in Fig. 1, six of these communicating passages are illustrated. Between the supporting walls 3 and parallel thereto, there are g5 partition walls 9, forming a large number of regenerator spaces i1, l2, 13, 14, which in well known manner, are lled with checker'brickworlt l0 which` invalternate succession is used for preheating the gas and air land for taking in the Waste heat from the hot gases passing through it. Below these regenerator spaces are situated the bottom ues l5 which are connected to the respective regenerator chambers through the distributing grids 16, which are provided with open- `ings 17. The heating dues 4 are also connected at the bottom in the usual manner with the respective generators, through the ducts 18 and 19. The oven battery is cut in its entire longitudinal and vertical direction by abutting joints 20. In the example shown, two of these abutting joints are provided, so that in its transverse direction the over battery is divided into three parts which Work independently as far as the expansion and contraction of the material is concerned. The joints 20 are preferably taken through the binders or headers of the`ues4, as will be seen from Fig. 3. This arrangement effectively prevents a passage of combustion gases from the no heating ilues e into the distillation chambers 2,

it not being possible to arrange a horizontally staggered slotted system of joints in the heating walls 1, as is practicable in the relatively thick partition and supporting walls of the regenerators.

The header bricks 22, lwhich are expanded hammer-shaped at one end 21 and constitute a portion of the layer of stretchers of the heating wall 1, are each divided into two headers 22a and 22h by the joints, the hammer-headed ends 21a and 2lb of the headers 22 abutting each other in staggered formation as will be seen from Fig. 3. At the other end, the two headers 22a and 22h are bound in the stretchers, the headers 22'0 being staggered with respect to the joint of the abutting stretcher bricks 23 and 24.

In the next layer of bricks, the hammer-headed ends of the headers 22a and 22h form a part of the layer of stretchers of the other wall, as will be seen in Fig. 4. The slotted displacement of the joints in a horizontal direction is now so arranged that the joint runs through the entire brickwork in a perfectly vertical direction.

Fig. 5 shows the slotted staggered formation of the joints 21 in a horizontal direction through the supporting wall 3 of the regenerator. Of course, the joint also runs through the regenerator partition wall 9 in the same way.

In the oven base 25, which separates the oven chamber from the regenerator chambers, the joint is arranged staggered in a vertical direction. Thus leakages of gas from the regenerator chambers into the oven chambers are avoided.

In the oven roof 8, the joint 20, at about half the depth of the roof, runs out into a wider nonclosing joint 26.

When the oven brickwork is erected, the joints 20 are built with such a gap that when expansion takes place during the working of the oven, the joints close up perfectly gas-tight. The separate parts of the oven battery thus formed by the abutting joints can expand and contract independently on the fiat surface 27 of the foundation plate 28. In this way the movement of the brickwork during expanding and contracting, is taken up at the joints, so that cracking is avoided. This Vis very prone to occur in the regenerator separating brickwork in the type of oven described above, much to the detriment of its working, as the gas may leak from the particular regenerator 12heating the producer gas to the other one 13 which is receiving heat at the time, and vice versa.

When the oven is heated up or put into operation, the entire brickwork may expand causing the joints to gap. When this occurs, or when there are leaky places in the joints from other causes, the trouble may easily be overcome by packing fine sand or the like into the joints, through the wide gap 26 in the oven roof 8. This sealing material fills up all leaky places and thus makes a gas-tight seal.

The invention as hereinabove set forth is embodied in a particular form of construction, but may be variously embodied within the scope of the claims hereinafter mad I claim:

1. In a coke oven battery: a series of alternate coking chambers and heating walls therefor arranged side by side, each of said heating walls comprising vertical heating. iiues; regenerators communicating with said ilues and arranged underneath the said-series; said oven battery resting freely movable in horizontal directionon a fixed foundation plate; vertical expansion joints running in the longitudinal direction of the oven battery and dividing the oven battery throughout its entire height and length except for the foundation plate.

2. In a. coke oven battery: a series of alternate coking chambers and heating walls therefor arranged side by side, each of said heating walls comprising vertical heating ilues; regenerators communicating with said iiues and running transverse to the longitudinal axis of the oven battery and arranged under the said series; said oven battery resting freely movable in horizontal direction on a fixed foundation plate; vertical expansion joints running in the longitudinal direction of the oven battery and dividing the oven battery throughout its entire height and length except for the foundation plate.

3. In a coke oven battery: a series of alternate coking chambers and heating walls therefor arranged side by side, each of said heating walls comprising vertical heating fines; regenerators communicating with said flues and running transverse to the longitudinal axis of the ovenbattery and arranged under the said series; said oven battery resting freely movable in horizontal direction on a fixed foundation plate; vertical expansion joints running in the longitudinal direction of the oven battery and dividing the oven battery throughout its entire height and length except for the foundation plate, the said joints dividing the partition wall between two adjacent heating fiues.

4. In a coke oven battery: a series of alternate coking chambers and heating walls therefor arranged side by side, each of said heating Walls comprising vertical heating flues; regenerators communicating with said flues and running transverse to the longitudinal axis of the oven battery and arranged under the said series; said oven battery resting freely movable in horizontal clirection on a fixed foundation plate; vertical expansion joints running in the longitudinal direction of the oven battery and dividing the oven battery throughout its entire height and length except for the foundation plate; the said joints dividing the partition wall between two adjacent heating nues; the said partition wall between adjacent heating nues being formed of bricks enlarged into hammer-head shape at one end and so arranged that the hammer-head shaped enlargement forms a part of the wall of the coking chamber; the said hammer-head shaped bricks being horizontally divided in zigzag formation at the place of the expansion joints, in such a way that the ends of the expansion joints lie in a vertical plane.

5. In a coke oven battery: a series of alternate coking chambers and heating walls therefor arranged side by side, each of said heating walls comprising vertical heating flues; regenerators communicating with said ues and arranged underneath the said series and running transverse to the longitudinal axis of the oven battery; said oven battery resting freely movable in horizontal direction on a xed foundation plate; vertical expansion joints running in the longitudinal direction of the oven battery and dividing the oven battery throughout its entire'length and height except for the foundation plate; the said joints dividing the partition wall between two adjacent heating fines; the said joints dividing the separating walls for the regenerators and running in zigzag formation in horizontal direction within these last mentioned walls.

. battery throughout its entire height and length except for the foundation plate; the said joint dividing the roof of the regenerators and running in Vertical direction in zigzag formation Within this roof.

7. In a coke oven battery: a series of alternate coking chambers and heating walls therefor arranged side by side, each of said heating walls comprising vertical heating flues; regenerators communicating With said nues and arranged underneath the said series; said oven battery resting freely movable in horizontal direction on a xed foundation plate; vertical expansion jointsv running -in the longitudinal direction'of the oven battery and dividing the oven throughout its entire height and length except for the foundation plate; the said joint being widened in horizontal direction at the top of the oven battery for a slight depth in such a way that sand or the like may be packed therein for sealing the joint.

v8. In a coke oven: a series ofalternate coking chambers and heating walls therefor arranged side by side, each of said heating walls comprising combustion ues; regenerators communieating with said flues and arranged underneath said series; vertical expansion joints running in with aidflues and arranged underneath saidv series; vertical expansion joints running in the longitudinal direction of the oven battery and dividing the oven batterythroughout its entire height.

HEINRICH KOPPERS. 

